2016년 9월 19일 월요일

Only Those without Sin May Cast the First Stone: Fox News vs CNN

Only Those without Sin May Cast the First Stone: Fox News  vs  CNN


July 14, 2016



By Lian Kim

      Fair and objective media is an illusion. There are a lot of television channels in the United States of America. CNN and Fox News are especially common 24-hour cable news channels. Many people believe that CNN news is reliable, clear, and fair, and that Fox News is edited, biased, and even fake. Traditionally, the obligation of media has regarded fairness. As a result, Fox News can be thought of as wrong and colored media which manifests their political intention. However, some people have a different idea. All private news firms have their own stance. Can broadcasting be fair in the reality? Who writes or transports the news? What is their agenda? Although some experts say Fox News is fake journalism, both Fox News and CNN have crucial and arguable similarities.

 First of all, Fox News and CNN have respective political biases. According to the Western: one of the mass media theory, all people and publishers can speak and press willingly about all kind of topics, including politics. Even if they lie about something, it is allowed. As the gravity in this hypothesis, the Freedom of Speech must be guaranteed all the time and fields. Fox News and CNN air to share the political philosophy they believe to be right. Fox news is Republican Party-friendly. On the other hand, CNN seems Democratic Party-friendly. For example, on January 5, 2016, the USA President, Barack Obama, spoke publicly about gun control (Bradner & Krieg, 2016). He teared up while mentioning the first elementary school student victims. CNN provided a long duration video to show enough of his context. In addition, CNN set a soft background music in order to enhance people’s empathy. Contrary to this, Fox News focused on his order about expanding background checks. It made people feel as though their freedom will be interrupted. Fox News and CNN commonly display their political tastes. Due to a lot of liberal bias media, such as CNN, CBS, ABC, NBC, MSNBC, New York Times, Newsweek, and The Washington Post, CNN implies trustworthy and impartial news. In a nutshell, they are alike with conservative bias media such as Fox news, NewsMax, and WorldNetDaily. All media programs today speak their own voices, including Fox News and CNN.

       Second, a newscast is not only an industry but also money in capitalist society. Fox News was founded by Australian-American media proprietor Rupert Murdoch and is owned by the Fox Entertainment Group subsidiary of 21st Century Fox. Conversely, CNN was created in 1980 by American media mogul Ted Turner and is owned by the Turner Broadcasting System division of Time Warner. Both are private enterprises. According to Kang (2013), not only could people consume many contents through an online streaming service, but also the prospect of global advertising market is dark, which results in cable television corporations having trouble retaining their customers. Thus, in May 2013, Rupert Murdoch announced Fox Sports channel as a cable sports network like ESPN that would be started. This channel competes in high-profit sports broadcasting market. Sports channels relay major sports events. Both issue analyzation and relative news are also provided with 90 million cable viewers. Meanwhile, CNN eliminated investigative news departments because their program’s viewer rating was low (Dr. Good Heart, 2013). Additionally, CNN established a subsidiary Great Big Story (GBS). Hwang (2015) noted that GBS is a banded content studio and a socially distributed video network. Its target is 25 to 35-year-old people escaped to cable news. GBS products its own video for mobile, and sponsored video for firms. GBS is optimized by creating native advertising and brand contents. According to CyBear Interactive, “Native advertising is a form of paid media where the ad experience follows the natural form and function of the user experience in which it is placed.” On the other hand, brand contents are produced in various video formats such as documentary and music video to expand the company’s brand. There are trends that sponsors are not exposed to the contents. Recent commercial trends are not a traditional format but natural ads to make people accommodative. According to Zucker (2015), CNN President, GBS now gets 40 million video views per month. Thanks to GBS, CNN has achieved outstanding success. Both Fox News and CNN have made plans to meet commercial industry’s needs.

   Lastly, both Fox News and CNN manipulate and edit their sources. Today’s news, accidents, stories, surveys, and even statistics are picked, selected, edited, adjusted, and sometimes created by news creators. It is impossible that the news is totally fair because people choose the topics. The writer’s intention is put stories into their news according to company’s purpose and political philosophy. For instance, Shere and Grouch (2012) state that Fox Chart showed that when Bush tax cuts expired, the rich people should pay a lot of taxes. Fox Chart displayed drastic graphs increasing taxes. In reality, however, the current rate is 35% after expired 39.5% — less than 5%. Broadcastings use tactics like this to emphasize and manipulate information according to their viewpoints. On the contrary, CNN’s clip of coverage of the first Gulf War in the 1990′s presents doubtable points. According to Sigmund  (2014), “CNN has scripted and staged live war coverage to create a sense of drama and danger around people who were not in harm’s way.” Another expert, West (2013) argues “CNN puts out Fake News Broadcasts to condition the public to accept propaganda in place of genuine reporting.” Regarding this video, West (2013) said, “People can see the fake footage matches the windows, colors, and foliage at the front of the hotel. This shot looks like a studio shot because they are using studio lights, outside, at night. They are standing on a raised wooden frame built especially for their reports.” Furthermore, Sigmund (2014) noted, anchorman Charles Jaco made jokes and demonstrated how the news was sensationalized for American audiences, and how hosts pretended to be in danger when they were not.

       Upon close inspection, Fox News and CNN have critical and indisputable similarities. They are politically biased, in the broadcasting industry, and manipulate information. No one keeps from avoiding this trend, in spite of emphasizing the obligation of traditional journalism. CNN is not an exception. Fox News and CNN can speak their opinion. People can choose television channels that suit their taste. Media have been broadcasting with each way. It is not wrong. However, I suggest that people should wake up while watching the news and focus on finding truth by themselves with critical thinking to get their own right opinion.



R E F E R E N E C E S

Bradner, Eric & Krieg, Gregory (2016). Emotional Obama calls for 'sense of urgency' to fight gun violence. CNN.
CyBear Interactive. 53% of users say they are more likely to look at a native ad than a banner ad. We can help you ‘go native’ across channels such as video and advertorial.
http://www.cybearinteractive.com/native-advertising/
Friedman, Wayne (2016). Fox Television Network, Fox News Highest In Commercial Clutter. Media Post.
Good Heart (2013). Investigative Journalism Is Obsolete; Being Abolished By CNN And Mass Media. A Green Road Journal.
Hickey, Byline Walter (2012). XPOSED: Here Are The Tricks That Fox News Uses To Manipulate Statistics On Its Graphics. Business Insider.
Hwang, Yongsuk (2015) CNN and Native Advertisement. Hangyeorye.
Kang, Hyeong-gu (2013). In Media Conversions Term, to Survive with Marketing - Marketing Examples of Media Enterprises. Korean Press Foundation.
Kim, Donjon (2010). American 49% - Fox news is the trust. PD Journal.
http://www.pdjournal.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=26331
Kim, Namdu (2004). The reason - CNN has more commercial income than Fox news. Media today.
MintPress News Desk (2015). ‘Pants On Fire’: Analysis Shows 60% Of Fox News ‘Facts’ Are Really Lies. MINTPRESSNEWS.
Shere, David & Groch-Begley, Hannah (2012). A History Of Dishonest Fox Charts. Media Matters in America.
Sigmund, Fraud (2014). Is Everything in the Mainstream Media Fake? – 6 Examples of Media Manipulation. The Mind Unleashed.
West, Mick (2013). Debunked: CNNs Fake News Broadcasts - Charles Jaco and the Fake Live Gulf War Reports. Metabunk.org.
Zucker, Jeff (2016). Six Months In, CNN’s Great Big Story Is Ready To Jump To TV. Tubefilter.


Copyright. 2016. Lian Kim
lyoung.lkim@gmail.com

작성자: 시간:
라벨: , , , ,

댓글 없음:

댓글 쓰기

피드 구독하기: 댓글 (Atom)